Pteridophytes

Pteridophytes

Pteridophytes into 2 phyla :  

 i. Phylum Lycophyta  (Lycopodium sp., Selaginella sp.)
 ii. Phylum Pterophyta  (Dryopteris sp.)

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS

Seedless vascular plants. 
Have true roots, stem (rhizome) & leaves (frond)
 True roots with lignified vascular tissue. 
- xylem : tracheid only
- phloem : sieve tube only 
Larger size than Bryophytes

Distinct alternation of generation     
- sporophyte (2n) generation is dominant
Habitat : found in place of low light intensity in the tropical & subtropical regions 
Reproductive system : still dependent on water for fertilization 
Ferns reproduce sexually by producing spores
Fern may be homosporous which produce only 1 type of spore 
• This spore develops into a bisexual gametophyte with both archegonia (female sex organs) and antheridia (male sex organs). 

 • Eg : Lycopodium sp.

 

 

 Fern also can be heterosporous which produce 2 different types of spores,  the microspores and megaspores 
 i) Megaspores  develop into females gametophytes.  
 ii) Microspores develop into male gametophytes  

• Eg: Selaginella sp. 

 

 

 

 

Megasporangium and microsporangium.

 

 

 

 

CLASSIFICATION OF PTERIDOPHYTES

 

 

i) Phylum Lycophyta



 

 Lycopodium sp.

 Sellaginella sp.

 

 

ii) Phylum Pterophyta

 

 

 Dryopteris sp.